The passing of Imam Abul Hasan al-Shadhili
Based on
Durrat al-Asrar (Pearl of Secrets)
by Ibn al-Sabbagh
The Master Abu al-Hasan
ash-Shadhdhuli had made it his custom that every other year he would
travel to Mecca for the Pilgrimage. Likewise in the year 656 A.H./1258
C.E., the very year in which a few weeks earlier the Mongol ruler
Hulugu Jenghiz Khan had sacked Baghdad, he made preparations to go on
the Pilgrimage as usual. However, this time he asked that a pickaxe,
shovel, and a shroud should be included in their baggage. As was his
custom he set out on the southern route, known as the spice route,
overland to Damanhur, then via Qahira, up the Nile to 'Idfu in Upper
Egypt. From there he would cross the Red Sea to Jiddah, and finally
make the two-day camel ride to Mecca. At Damanhur, a young boy, who was
a student of the Qur'an, begged his mother to let him go with the
Shaykh and his party to make the Pilgrimage. His mother, who was a
widow, earnestly requested the Shaykh for her son that he be allowed to
travel with his party, to which he replied, "We will look after him as
far as Humaythira.
"And
so
it
happened. It was
related that Abu al-Hasan, may Allah have
mercy upon him, had said, "When I entered the land of Egypt and
established my dwelling there, I prayed to Allah, the Most High,
saying: Ya Rabb, have You caused me to dwell in the land of the Copts,
to be buried amongst them, until my flesh becomes mingled with their
flesh and my bones with theirs? A reply then came to me: No `Ali, you
will be buried in a land which Allah has never oppressed." It is also
recorded that in the year of his death Abu al-Hasan ash-Shadhdhuli was
heard to say, "Once when I fell ill, I said: Allah, O Allah, when will
the encounter with You take place? I was told: Ya `Ali, when you reach
Humaythira, then the encounter will come." He said, may Allah have
mercy upon him, "I saw as if I were buried at the base of a mountain
before a well containing a little salty water, which became more
abundant and sweet." And he said to his beloveds, "This year I shall
perform the Pilgrimage of substitution (hajjat an-niyaba).
"One of Abu al-Hasan's followers recorded what happened: Soon after
entering the desert of `Aydhab, both the young boy and the Shaykh fell
ill, the boy dying the day before we reached the watering-place of
Humaythira. The followers wanted to bury the youth where he had died,
but the Shaykh said, "Carry him to Humaythira." When we arrived at this
resting-place we washed the boy, and the Shaykh prayed over him before
we buried him. That evening the Shaykh, who was also very sick, called
his companions around him and spoke to us, counselling us to recite his
Litany of the Sea (Hizb al-Bakhr) often, and he said, "Teach it to your
children for the Greatest Name of Allah (al-ismu 'l-`azam) is in it."
Then he talked privately to Sidi Abu al-`Abbas al-Mursi, giving him his
orders as his successor with his special blessing. He, may Allah have
mercy upon him, said to his followers, "When I am dead, look to Abu
al-`Abbas al-Mursi for he is the Caliph (Khalifa) to come after me. He
will have an exalted station amongst you for he is one of the Doors
(abwab) of Allah, Praised and Exalted is He." Later that evening he
called for a jar of water to be filled from the well of Humaythira.
When he was told, "Ya Sidi, its water is salty and bitter, but the
water we have is fresh and sweet," he replied, "Give me some of it for
my intention is not what you think." When we brought him the well-water
he drank a little of it, rinsed his mouth with it and spat into the
jar. Then he said, "Pour the water into the well.
"Immediately the well-water turned sweet and fresh to taste, and it
was abundant enough to refresh all the travellers who stopped to
replenish themselves at this place. His followers said, "The Shaykh
passed the night in holy preparation and discourse with his Beloved
God, continually mentioning His Name until the dawn came when he was
still."
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